In essence this decision reinforces a long held belief by many that the NHS was wrong to take a default position that locums are caught by IR35 (as instructed by HMRC themselves). The NHS should now have to look at each case individually, opening up the potential for many in similar circumstances to achieve an “outside the scope of IR35” status. With the wrong implementation of MOO now firmly in the sites and the CEST tool facing ever more challenge the tide could finally be turning for hard suffering NHS locums pushed en masse inside IR35.